Key Differences Between Nonprofits and Businesses

You may not be sure what kind of business model is best for what you want to achieve, or you may simply wonder: what is the difference between a non profit and a business?



One of the first questions you want to ask yourself is if your business is made for profit or not for profit?

What is the ultimate goal of your idea or product? Here are a some facts about the nonprofit business model vs not for profits.

Nonprofit business models also known as 501 (c) (3) organizations appear to operate in similar ways to businesses.  They often employ people, provide products or services to the general public, and generate funds.

But nonprofits and businesses have some key differences that set them apart.



Primarily, what is done with the funds raised and how the funds are generated are key distinctions between traditional businesses and tax exempt nonprofit organizations.

Nonprofits are divided into two categories, private foundations or public charities - these are broad categories. Some organizations are privately funded by families and they set up grants or scholarships in order to be eligible for the funds. Public organizations would be primarily funded through governmental or public sources.

Nonprofits usually include schools, churches, free clinics or community hospitals. They are formed exclusively to progress a cause, and broken up into two categories: public (charities) and private (foundations). These organizations are designated by the Internal Revenue Service as tax-exempt, so long as they abide by federal and state guidelines. 

Traditional businesses include sole proprietorships, partnerships, limited liability companies, and corporations. These entities are required to pay tax and are not required to operate within the same financial guidelines set forth for nonprofits. In short, nonprofits must be prepared to be completely transparent from the onset of their organization.

Local Museum in San Antonio
Fundraising is essential from the very beginning of a nonprofit, while businesses may look for investors or a business loan. Sole proprietors may even fund their businesses through savings or part-time jobs. Businesses do not generally look to the general public or solicit strangers for financial support as nonprofits do.

While huge nonprofits like Salvation Army and Goodwill make a great portion of their funds from their store locations, smaller organizations rely on individual donors and corporate sponsors.

Both organizations require written plans; proposals for nonprofits and business plans for businesses. Each written plan helps steer the organization with marketing, financial, and operational guidelines. The goal of a proposal is not the same as a business plan. Proposals are not chocked full of statistics and financial projects, but seek to strike a chord with the reader and compel them to act by giving a monetary donation or donation of services. 

Nonprofits operate within budgets which help control spending and project fundraising. They are responsible to board members and the IRS for their spending habits, and transactions completed using their unique tax ID numbers and tax exemption status. 

Corporations also have board members but they definitely can and do receive compensation. Board members for some of the countries top companies took home a median income of $250k according to bloomberg.net.

Nonprofits help people become aware of things in their community that they would otherwise overlook. Recently, the ALS organization raised over $100 million with their internet sensation "Ice Bucket Challenge." Many people that got involved had never heard of the disease before. They also provide services for those who could not otherwise afford them. Some hospitals are privately owned to make a profit, and others are nonprofits, created to help those without insurance.

Business owners can be just as passionate, if not more, than nonprofit organizers, but they are not required to return excess profits to the company, answer to board members, or be as transparent in their financial reporting as 501 (c) (3) organizations. 

Can you think of any more defining differences between nonprofits and businesses?

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